Abstract This paper is about Bogor Botanic Gardens Library which is one of the oldest libraries in Indonesia. The library collected the rare and old books, containing memory knowledge in botany field which is widely used by researchers. To keep the information contained in the memory for the benefit of knowledge development, librarian conduct preservation by transferring the rare collection media into digital form.... This paper is about Bogor Botanic Gardens Library which is one of the oldest libraries in Indonesia. The library collected the rare and old books, containing memory knowledge in botany field which is widely used by researchers. To keep the information contained in the memory for the benefit of knowledge development, librarian conduct preservation by transferring the rare collection media into digital form. Reformatting library material in preservation activity is one of a way to reduce/repair library material. Rare books are library collections that rarely get any attention. Rare books condition that is not maintained well will affect the retrieval information process by the users. The purposes of this article are to explain library materials reformatting activity, especially rare books in Bogor Botanic Gardens Library, alongside with strengthens and weakness. The result from this research then will be linked with library material preservation and retrieval information; in this case, it’s a rare book. Bogor Botanic Gardens is chosen for research object because the library has so many rare books and cannot be found in any other place; also the rare books need special treatment. This research is conducted using observation method with qualitative analysis. At the end of this article, it will afford criticism and suggestion about reformatting process in Bogor Botanic Garden. Read More Read Less

Abstract The present study examines the websites of Selected Iconic Public Libraries’ in India. There are 11 Iconic public libraries in India, out of which 9 libraries are having their websites. The study analyses the total number of webpages, domain authority, equity-links, internal, external links and web impact factor and to rank it. The study explored that the National Library of India tops with... The present study examines the websites of Selected Iconic Public Libraries’ in India. There are 11 Iconic public libraries in India, out of which 9 libraries are having their websites. The study analyses the total number of webpages, domain authority, equity-links, internal, external links and web impact factor and to rank it. The study explored that the National Library of India tops with highest Page Authority (21%), Total Linking Root domains (68%), highest External Equity- Passing Links (97%), Total Equity- Passing Links (88%), Total External Links (97%), Total Links (87%), Followed Linking Root Domains (68%) and with highest Linking C Blocks (68%).Nehru Memorial Museum and Library also scores at top position with highest Internal Equity-Passing Links (90%) and Total Internal Links (90%). Thus, it can be interpreted that the overall WIF of National Library of India is at top most position with 92.90SWIF & EWIF, on the other hand, Nehru Memorial Museum and Library stands at second place with with15.82 SWIF and 15.35 IWIF among 9 selected Iconic Public libraries’ of India. Read More Read Less

Abstract The term leadership has been probably the most talked about subject. Decades of academic analysis have given us more than 350 definitions of Leadership (Bennis Warren, Harper and Row, 2005). Literally thousands of empirical interpretations of leaders have been conducted in the last 75 years alone but no clear and unequivocal understanding exists as to what distinguishes leaders from non-leaders.... The term leadership has been probably the most talked about subject. Decades of academic analysis have given us more than 350 definitions of Leadership (Bennis Warren, Harper and Row, 2005). Literally thousands of empirical interpretations of leaders have been conducted in the last 75 years alone but no clear and unequivocal understanding exists as to what distinguishes leaders from non-leaders. The time has come to not to talk of leadership in abstract terms but in concrete and measurable terms. Leadership has to be demystified, brought down from its lofty pedestrian, dissected and finally understood by the common man. Now as they say war is too important to be left to the Generals, likewise, leadership in an organization is too important a subject to be left behind to intuition, chance, whims and fancies of an individual. This is because leadership provided today has implication in the long term. Working and leading virtually have become a growing concern and hence a growing area of focus in the last few years, generated by an increased care for the environment, a concern for a better life quality, the need to cut costs and/or the desire to welcome Generation Y (people born in the ‘80s who have grown up with all virtual media) into the corporate world. However for most managers and leaders in organisations, working and leading virtually has remained an area of frustration, at best a ‘second-class’ way of working, something that you do when you have no other choice. Read More Read Less