Abstract Data mining is an integral part of the KDD-Knowledge Discovery process in Databases. This process consists basically of steps that are performed before carrying out data mining, such as data selection, data cleaning, pre-processing, and data transformation [1, 2]. There may be thousands or millions of records that have to be read and to extract the rules for, but the... Data mining is an integral part of the KDD-Knowledge Discovery process in Databases. This process consists basically of steps that are performed before carrying out data mining, such as data selection, data cleaning, pre-processing, and data transformation [1, 2]. There may be thousands or millions of records that have to be read and to extract the rules for, but the question is what will happen if there is new data, or there is a need to modify or delete some or all the existing set of data during the process of data mining. Also real-world databases are highly susceptible to noise, missing, and inconsistent data due to their typically huge size, often several gigabytes or more. The questions here are; how can the data be preprocessed in order to help improve the quality of the data, and consequently the mining results? How can the new updated data be preprocessed in order to help improve the quality of the data, efficiency, and simplify of the mining process? These questions are addressed in this study through Item-summation. An enhanced algorithm is proposed for the dynamic data mining process that is able to take into considerations all updates (insert, update, and delete problems) into account. The algorithm is tested in the real data sets. Read More Read Less

Abstract The ongoing pressure on organizations to utilize the Web and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools successfully should be based on a clear understanding of the organizational context including human and technological dimensions. As a part of this understanding, this paper attempts to explore managers’ attitudes towards Web and IT. In addition, the relationship between certain demographic characteristics and managers’... The ongoing pressure on organizations to utilize the Web and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools successfully should be based on a clear understanding of the organizational context including human and technological dimensions. As a part of this understanding, this paper attempts to explore managers’ attitudes towards Web and IT. In addition, the relationship between certain demographic characteristics and managers’ attitudes is explored. The focus of this paper is Jordanian Governmental Organizations (JGOs) where ICT deployment is seen as a high priority. To achieve this, the Computer Attitudes Scale (CAS), a well developed tool, tested and validated in the educational setting, was used with very minor modifications. A survey approach was utilized which involved the application of a standardized questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis was used to explore patterns of complex multi-dimensional relationships and bivariate approaches for various attitudinal components towards Web and IT and demographic characteristics were used to further analyze the data. The findings revealed that managers were found to have highly favorable attitudes towards Web and IT, additionally, a positive relationship was found between educational level and managers’ attitudes towards Web and IT. In contrast, a significantly negative relationship between managers’ attitudes and age and organizational experience was found. Finally, no significant relationships were found between managers’ attitudes and gender. Read More Read Less

Abstract We present an extension to Sierpinski’s curve that is useful for generating a large variety of highly symmetric curves. We propose a scheme for automated construction of these curves, capable of producing millions of curves. Because of their high-degree of symmetry, these curves can be utilized in various graphics design applications. In particular, we briefly describe a web-based system for... We present an extension to Sierpinski’s curve that is useful for generating a large variety of highly symmetric curves. We propose a scheme for automated construction of these curves, capable of producing millions of curves. Because of their high-degree of symmetry, these curves can be utilized in various graphics design applications. In particular, we briefly describe a web-based system for automated construction of tiling designs. Read More Read Less