A Novel Robust Watermarking Scheme using Cubic Product Codes
Atta Rahman, Neelam Saba, Noor-ul Ain
Journal of Information Security Research, Vol. 6, No. 1, 2015.
DOI: 
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Abstract:
In this paper, a novel technique for robust digital image watermarking is proposed using cubic product codes
(CPC). Cubic product codes are three dimensional product codes where the constituent codes in each dimension are linear
block codes. The structure of CPC makes them suitable for the proposed scheme. The embedded watermark is vulnerable to
various attacks on the image like compression, noise and geometric attacks namely translation rotation and scaling (TRS)
etc. This could limit the performance of digital watermarking. Our proposal is to encode the watermark with CPC prior to
embedding in the image. This could easily be done because the watermark is also a three dimensional data (image), so each
dimension can easily be encoded with corresponding codes in CPC. A modified iterative decoding algorithm (MIDA) is
employed to decode the CPC. Moreover, a Fuzzy Rule Based System is used to find the region in the image where watermark
can be embedded. The scheme is tested against various attacks and compared with the well-known schemes in the literature
for robust digital image watermarking.