Abstract Security has become a vital need throughout the globe. An underdeveloped country Pakistan wants a reliable security system to prevent from the increasing threats of terrorism. A tool of artificial intelligence-biometric authentication can be a solution for such a problem. By implementing authentication system based on facial recognition in highly crucial areas of the country, the terror attacks can be... Security has become a vital need throughout the globe. An underdeveloped country Pakistan wants a reliable security system to prevent from the increasing threats of terrorism. A tool of artificial intelligence-biometric authentication can be a solution for such a problem. By implementing authentication system based on facial recognition in highly crucial areas of the country, the terror attacks can be controlled notably. Supervised learning can support this methodology. In this paper we used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as a feature descriptor and for dimension reduction, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) as a main classification technique for the facial identification. The results of this combination applied on MIT face database are reported. We got up to 98.66% accuracy in detection rate using this combination. Read More Read Less

Abstract A mobile ad hoc network (known as MANET) represents a wireless communication network, without a preexistent subtraction or foundation and which is not reliant on any kind of centralized management. Various certificate authorities (CAs) distributed over the network, each with a periodically updated share of the secret key, is usually adopted. With this paper we hope to bring a strong... A mobile ad hoc network (known as MANET) represents a wireless communication network, without a preexistent subtraction or foundation and which is not reliant on any kind of centralized management. Various certificate authorities (CAs) distributed over the network, each with a periodically updated share of the secret key, is usually adopted. With this paper we hope to bring a strong contribution to making the public key management scheme more efficient especially for fully self-organized mobile ad hoc networks where the role of the dealer is played by all the nodes play. To ensure this means that each node must carry out by itself all the operations that imply nodes’ public keys: initiation, distribution and revocation. The main objective of our approach is to enhance the process of building fully self certificate authority of nodes by using the Harn-line strong (n, t, n) VSS. Our proposal will provide the mobile ad hoc network flexible and efficient to make renewal and revoke certificate authority. Read More Read Less

Abstract Proper authentication is an essential technology for cloud-computing environments in which connections to external environments are common and risks are high. Here, a new scheme is proposed for mutual authentication where the user and cloud server can authenticate one another. The protocol is designed in such a way that it uses steganography as an additional encryption scheme. The scheme achieves... Proper authentication is an essential technology for cloud-computing environments in which connections to external environments are common and risks are high. Here, a new scheme is proposed for mutual authentication where the user and cloud server can authenticate one another. The protocol is designed in such a way that it uses steganography as an additional encryption scheme. The scheme achieves authentication using secret sharing. Secret sharing allows a part of the secret to be kept in both sides which when combined becomes the complete secret. The secret contains information about both parties involved. Further, out of band authentication has been used which provides additional security. The proposed protocol provides mutual authentication and session key establishment between the users and the cloud server. Also, the users have been given the flexibility to change the password. Furthermore, strong security features makes the protocol well suited for the cloud environment. Read More Read Less