Progress in Machines and Systems Mahesh N 14 1 2025 https://doi.org/10.6025/psm/2025/14/1/1-8 https://www.dline.info/pms/fulltext/v14n1/pmsv14n1_1.pdf This paper explores the evolution, benefits, challenges, and implementation strategies of blended learning in modern education, focusing on initiatives and research in India. Blended learning, combining traditional face-to-face instruction with online educational resources, has gained prominence for enhancing flexibility, personalising learning experiences, and improvingacademic outcomes globally. The concept originated in the 1990s byintegrating digital technologies into education, evolving through defined models such as flipped classrooms and adaptive learning approaches. Despite its advantages, blended learning faces challenges, including technological infrastructure disparities, pedagogical integration complexities, and issues related to teacher training, student engagement, and assessment fairness. To address these challenges, strategies such as infrastructure investment, professional development for educators, curriculum alignment, and robust policy frameworks are crucial. Initiatives like SWAYAM, the National Digital Library of India (NDLI), e-PG Pathshala, and the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 exemplify India’s efforts to leverage technology for inclusive and quality education. Research supports these initiatives, highlighting their impact on enhancing access, equity, and educational quality. By implementing evidence-based strategies and fostering a supportive educational ecosystem, India can effectively navigate the complexities of blended learning, ensuring equitable access and improved learning outcomes for all learners.