Abstract This paper presents the results of an empirical study conducted on a number of legal practitioners in Austria, Romania and Slovenia to measure the relevance of the neuroscientific evidence when determining the legal responsibility of a defendant during court proceedings. The legal practitioners were presented five case scenarios in which they were asked to analyze the admissibility of neuroscientific evidence. The results... This paper presents the results of an empirical study conducted on a number of legal practitioners in Austria, Romania and Slovenia to measure the relevance of the neuroscientific evidence when determining the legal responsibility of a defendant during court proceedings. The legal practitioners were presented five case scenarios in which they were asked to analyze the admissibility of neuroscientific evidence. The results revealed certain important challenges when interpreting neuroscientific evidence for use in legal proceedings. This study summarizes those challenges and further concludes that the application of neuroscientific data is not a straightforward matter. As such, it also argues that neuroscientific experts must play a greater role in court proceedings in order to provide better guidance to judges and other legal practitioners. Read More Read Less

Abstract The capacity of working memory to maintain visual information is highly limited and varies significantly across individuals. An important research effort is to understand the mechanisms of its limitation, one being the efficient selection of the relevant items from the immediate external environment to encode and maintain in working memory stores, while preventing the irrelevant items to occupy it’s capacity. Recently, a series... The capacity of working memory to maintain visual information is highly limited and varies significantly across individuals. An important research effort is to understand the mechanisms of its limitation, one being the efficient selection of the relevant items from the immediate external environment to encode and maintain in working memory stores, while preventing the irrelevant items to occupy it’s capacity. Recently, a series of EEG studies using lateralized change detection task, in which the participants only have to maintain items presented on one visual hemifield, while irrelevant items are also presented on the opposite hemifield, identified a neurophysiological correlate of storage capacity in the form of contralateral delay activity (CDA) wave. Moreover, studies revealed that low-capacity participants maintain irrelevant items along the target items, when both are presented in the same visual hemifield, indicating a reduced ability to filter irrelevant stimuli from visual working memory. These studies, however, do not consider the possibility that participants might also maintain the irrelevant items presented to the opposite visual hemifield. To address this concern, we designed an experiment in which we directly manipulated the presence of distractors in the irrelevant visual hemifield to estimate and control for their effect. Twenty-eight participants took part in a visual working memory experiment in which they were asked to maintain orientation of items presented to the left or right visual hemifield, while the distracting items were either present or absent in the opposite visual hemifield. The results revealed significantly lower estimates of the capacity in the presence vs. absence of distractors, suggesting that participants were not able to ignore the distracting items presented to the opposite visual hemifield, challenging the validity of the estimates of visual working memory capacity in CDA and other studies employing lateralized change detection task. Read More Read Less

Abstract This paper examines the nexus between Intellectual Capital and Value of Firms in the Indian Information Technology Industry. Forty five companies, listed on BSE, were taken as a sample, for a period of 2006 to 2016, for the purpose of this study. Value Added Intellectual Co-efficient (VAIC) method as developed by Pulic (1998) and Granger Causality were used for the... This paper examines the nexus between Intellectual Capital and Value of Firms in the Indian Information Technology Industry. Forty five companies, listed on BSE, were taken as a sample, for a period of 2006 to 2016, for the purpose of this study. Value Added Intellectual Co-efficient (VAIC) method as developed by Pulic (1998) and Granger Causality were used for the evaluation of intellectual capital and their relationship with value of the firms of the sample companies. The result of the study supports the hypothesis that the value of firms could be explained by the intellectual capital. Hence there was significant association between intellectual capital and the value of firms in India. Read More Read Less