Abstract Prior to accepting and executing an online transaction, e-commerce systems must allow the consumer to express an informed and deliberate consent to the transaction. Currently, a widely accepted way of letting the consumer express his consent to execute a transaction is the Short Message Service-based One-Time Password (SMS-based OTP) scheme. In this scheme, when the system receives the required and unambiguous information for... Prior to accepting and executing an online transaction, e-commerce systems must allow the consumer to express an informed and deliberate consent to the transaction. Currently, a widely accepted way of letting the consumer express his consent to execute a transaction is the Short Message Service-based One-Time Password (SMS-based OTP) scheme. In this scheme, when the system receives the required and unambiguous information for an on-line transaction from a consumer, it sends a short message containing a one-time password to the consumer's mobile phone. The consumer expresses his consent by entering the password on his client device which then sends the entry back to the system for confirmation. Although the one-time password can prevent the password from unauthorized reuse, an attacker can still launch a series of password guesses that finally leads to either a successful attack or account suspension. This paper presents a system design to improve the SMS-based OTP scheme by enabling the client device to verify the correctness of the OTP entry. In this scheme, a password entry is sent to the system only if it is correct and captured within the permitted time interval. In terms of security, the new feature not only reduces the risk of successful guessing attacks, but also alerts the system to take necessary defensive measures against possible cyber attacks whenever an incorrect or expired OTP entry is received by the system. A quantitative analysis revealed the relative benefit of the proposed scheme. Read More Read Less

Abstract Link block is a block structure widely existing in webpages. Existing approaches to link blocks recognition generally suffer from two drawbacks: 1) they are designed only aiming at link blocks of physical structure, and even only aiming at specific link blocks of block-level elements; and 2) the discovery and recognition of link blocks are based on analyzing HTML tag trees, consequently, often... Link block is a block structure widely existing in webpages. Existing approaches to link blocks recognition generally suffer from two drawbacks: 1) they are designed only aiming at link blocks of physical structure, and even only aiming at specific link blocks of block-level elements; and 2) the discovery and recognition of link blocks are based on analyzing HTML tag trees, consequently, often leading to high computing cost and thus making them fail to deal with the diversified nonstandard webpages on the Internet. To this end, in this paper we propose the concept of logical link blocks and then present an effective approach to discover and recognize logical link blocks from webpages. In the approach logical link blocks are recognized through scanning HTML codes and calculating the distance between adjacent links, and then two distance thresholds are used to determine the final logical link blocks. As a result, the approach not only can be free from the limits of specific block-level link blocks, but also can greatly improve the robustness as the analysis on HTML tag trees is no longer required. Finally, experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, which not only provide a new way for the recognition of logical link blocks and text extraction, but also can be applied in other web information processing and mining fields due to less demanding for particle size control of link blocks. Read More Read Less

Abstract Data cleaning is an essential step of RFID data streams processing. Since the original RFID data have the characteristics of large scale, high speed, and uncertainty, the efficiency and the accuracy is crucial to the RFID data cleaning. By analyzing of the characteristics of RFID data streams, this article proposed an RFID data streams cleaning strategy based on maximum entropy feature selection. By... Data cleaning is an essential step of RFID data streams processing. Since the original RFID data have the characteristics of large scale, high speed, and uncertainty, the efficiency and the accuracy is crucial to the RFID data cleaning. By analyzing of the characteristics of RFID data streams, this article proposed an RFID data streams cleaning strategy based on maximum entropy feature selection. By introducing the MEFS to data cleaning, our strategy was able to classify the characteristics of RFID tuples, compute the cleaning costs by analyzing the time consumption and the error, and choose the best cleaning method. The simulation result showed that our strategy improved both the efficiency and accuracy of uncertainty RFID data streams cleaning. Read More Read Less

Abstract We employed node cooperation in a cooperative wireless network to achieve physical layer based security. The case of a source-destination pair that works with the assistance of multiple cooperating nodes in the presence of an eavesdropper was considered in this study to improve the performance of secure wireless communications. A novel cooperative scheme, called the decode-and-forward plus cooperative jamming (DFCJ), was proposed. In this... We employed node cooperation in a cooperative wireless network to achieve physical layer based security. The case of a source-destination pair that works with the assistance of multiple cooperating nodes in the presence of an eavesdropper was considered in this study to improve the performance of secure wireless communications. A novel cooperative scheme, called the decode-and-forward plus cooperative jamming (DFCJ), was proposed. In this scheme, relay nodes transmit a weighted version of the source signals plus a common weighted jamming signal to confound the eavesdropper. The novel system design was proposed to determine cooperative node weights and transmit power allocation. In DFCJ, a closed-form solution is obtained to minimize the total transmit power that is subjected to a secrecy rate constraint under complete nulling of jamming signals at the destination. The results of the numerical evaluation of the transmit power and the obtained secrecy rate show that the proposed scheme can significantly improve the performance of wireless physical layer security compared with the original decode-and-forward scheme. Read More Read Less

Abstract Digital audio detection is a forensics authenticity request. However, the classic methods for digital audio detection are no longer effective, especially given the use of compound tampering, such as adding background noise, and the size of processed data sets easily exceeding gigabytes. This article aims to discuss a detection method that uses a sparse representation classifier based on adaptive least squares (recursive... Digital audio detection is a forensics authenticity request. However, the classic methods for digital audio detection are no longer effective, especially given the use of compound tampering, such as adding background noise, and the size of processed data sets easily exceeding gigabytes. This article aims to discuss a detection method that uses a sparse representation classifier based on adaptive least squares (recursive least squares sparse representation classification [RLS-SRC]) and periodicity in the second derivative of an audio signal as a classification feature for digital media forensics. Using adaptive least squares, the proposed RLS-SRC can perform online updates and thus reduce the burden of training. In cases with background noise, our proposed method yields better classification compared with the method based on K-singular value decomposition (KSVD). Read More Read Less

Abstract In this paper, we address the problem of selection collections. This is important for locating responses in digital libraries. The aim of methods, which deal with the area of information retrieval, is to reduce the amount of the exchanged messages by selecting the best servers from the beginning of the search. We propose a new function of selection based on statistics. Our... In this paper, we address the problem of selection collections. This is important for locating responses in digital libraries. The aim of methods, which deal with the area of information retrieval, is to reduce the amount of the exchanged messages by selecting the best servers from the beginning of the search. We propose a new function of selection based on statistics. Our function takes into account the relevance degree of documents in order to rank collections. We have implemented and compared our function with other methods. The experimentation have shown that our proposition is very competitive. Read More Read Less

Abstract In this paper, two sensors which are pressure sensor and infrared sensor are used. These sensors are mounted on the seat cushion of vision robot, respectively such as to get data of pressure and distance with back of cushion. At first, the signal is sent to the microprocessor (MCU) to do fuzzy inference then to decide whether the human should leave... In this paper, two sensors which are pressure sensor and infrared sensor are used. These sensors are mounted on the seat cushion of vision robot, respectively such as to get data of pressure and distance with back of cushion. At first, the signal is sent to the microprocessor (MCU) to do fuzzy inference then to decide whether the human should leave the chair or not. It can let patient to avoid sitting for a long time or bad posture and other issues. By using pressure sensor, if the sitting time is longer than the threshold time then the system will generate a warning signal. By using the Infrared sensor, if the distance is measured too far then it means the patient has bad posture, the system will also produce a signal to remind patient to change his sitting position. This is a two input one output intelligent health management for health care of vision robot which is designed by fuzzy logic method such as to avoid some unnecessary false decision. The implementation results show that it possesses good commercial applications, low cost, easy to installation, high availability and huge market. This cushion of vision robot is ideal and effective and it can improve the health management for patients. Read More Read Less

Abstract With the rapid growth of computer technology in the recent years, electronic information has been rapidly increased and become more and more important to help users access a huge volume of web pages. This is really noticeable to find the information in efficient and effective manner especially on the web, when we are working in heterogeneous environment. As the availability of information... With the rapid growth of computer technology in the recent years, electronic information has been rapidly increased and become more and more important to help users access a huge volume of web pages. This is really noticeable to find the information in efficient and effective manner especially on the web, when we are working in heterogeneous environment. As the availability of information increases on the web, the need of finding proper and accurate information is also a challenging task. There are the numerous ways to find the information on the web but the ultimate need nowadays is that of predicting the user needs in order to improve the usability and user retention. In this paper we have proposed an algorithm which shows superior performance compared to other existing methods and that will provide most accurate, fast and relevant information in front of the user. Read More Read Less