VCDC: A Hardware-Centric Solution for Predictable and High- Performance I/O Virtualization in Many-Core Systems Zhe Jiang, Neil Audsley Page: 47-69 AbstractFull Text Download: 4 times https://doi.org/10.6025/stj/2025/14/2/47-69 Abstract: The Virtualized Complicated Device Controller (VCDC) addresses critical performance and predictability
challenges in I/O virtualization for real-time many-core systems. Traditional virtualization techniques often
suffer from high software overhead, poor timing accuracy, and scalability issues, particularly in complex I/
O operations. VCDC proposes a hardware-centric solution by integrating I/O virtualization directly into the
hardware layer, eliminating the reliance on software-based Virtual Machine Monitors (VMMs) and drivers.
It provides predictable, low-latency, and timing-accurate I/O operations by virtualizing physical I/O devices
into multiple virtual interfaces, supported by a timing-accurate I/O controller. Evaluations on a NoC-based
architecture demonstrate that VCDC significantly improves I/O throughput, reduces response time, and ensures
high scalability across multiple cores. The system also achieves lower on-chip communication and software
overheads, while trading off with increased hardware resource usage. Overall, VCDC enables efficient and
predictable I/O virtualization tailored for real-time and embedded many-core platforms.
Real-Time Packet Scheduling and Static Routing for Reliable Communication in Software-Defined Networks Tao Qian, Frank Mueller,Yufeng Xin Page: 70-92 AbstractFull Text Download: 3 times https://doi.org/10.6025/stj/2025/14/2/70-92 Abstract: This paper presents a Linux-based real-time packet scheduler designed to ensure reliable static routing in
Software-Defined Networks (SDNs) for real-time distributed systems. Traditional passive resource-sharing
mechanisms often fail to guarantee hard deadlines due to unpredictable background traffic and limited control
over shared network resources. To address this, the authors propose an active scheduling approach that
enforces deadline-based policies directly on Software-Defined Network (SDN) switches. A static routing
algorithm determines end-to-end paths for real-time messages, ensuring that their cumulative delay does not
exceed specified deadlines. The message scheduler adopts an EDF-based (Earliest Deadline First) algorithm
and segregates real-time from background traffic to prioritize timely delivery. Implemented on Open vSwitch
and evaluated in a local cluster, the system demonstrates zero deadline misses under network congestion while
maintaining best-effort service for non-real-time traffic. This work significantly advances real-time
communication in distributed systems, ensuring predictability and reliability through proactive network
control. Future directions include extending support to physical switches and disjoint path routing.
Extensive Improvement of Smartphone Display for Signal Reception Jens Bauer, Sebastian Thelen, Achim Ebert Page: 93-103 AbstractFull Text Download: 3 times https://doi.org/10.6025/stj/2025/14/2/93-103 Abstract: Large displays have become more and more common in the last few years. While interaction with these displays
can be conducted using standard methods such as a computer mouse and keyboard, this approach causes
issues in multi-user environments, where the various conditions for providing multiple keyboards and mice,
together with the facilities to employ them, cannot be met. To address this problem, several authors have
proposed using mobile phones for interaction.
Previous solutions were specialized interaction metaphors only for specific applications. To gain more insight
into general interaction patterns realizable with smartphones, we created a set of general test cases using a
well-known taxonomy for interactions. These test cases were then evaluated in a user study, comparing
smartphone usage against the traditional keyboard/mouse combination. Results (time and user satisfaction)
show strengths and weaknesses when using the new interaction with the smartphone. With further evaluations,
we conclude how to improve extensive display interaction using smartphones in general.
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