Abstract With the increasing awareness of ecological environment and environmental protection, more and more design concepts are shifting towards green, intelligent, and sustainable directions. Green building design has also sparked a trend in the construction industry and is being widely applied. Therefore, when enterprises engage in architectural design, they should actively respond to national environmental protection policies, change traditional design methods, and adopt new energy-saving... With the increasing awareness of ecological environment and environmental protection, more and more design concepts are shifting towards green, intelligent, and sustainable directions. Green building design has also sparked a trend in the construction industry and is being widely applied. Therefore, when enterprises engage in architectural design, they should actively respond to national environmental protection policies, change traditional design methods, and adopt new energy-saving and environmentally friendly green building concepts. This paper uses data mining and BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology to analyse the green building design concept and verifies its application in architectural design through practical examples. Data mining technology analyses the key factors influencing green building design and establishes relevant correlations. The application of BIM systematic management technology to green building design is studied. The results indicate that the data mining-based graphical green building design better meets the requirements of modern architecture. Read More Read Less

Abstract This paper aims to study the motion characteristics of cylinders in sandy environments, particularly focusing on the distance required for a cylinder to roll and eventually stop in the sand. Based on observations from daily life and theoretical assumptions, the experiment investigates the effects of factors such as the length, diameter, material of the cylinder, and the size of sand particles on the... This paper aims to study the motion characteristics of cylinders in sandy environments, particularly focusing on the distance required for a cylinder to roll and eventually stop in the sand. Based on observations from daily life and theoretical assumptions, the experiment investigates the effects of factors such as the length, diameter, material of the cylinder, and the size of sand particles on the rolling distance. A simple device is designed to simulate the process of a cylinder rolling down a slope and in to the sand, and the rolling distance of the cylinder in the sand is recorded. The experiment employs a controlled variable method to test cylinders of different lengths and diameters under the same conditions (e.g., initial height, sand particle size). The experimental data were recorded in tables and charts for intuitive analysis and comparison. The rolling distance of a cylinder in the sand is positively correlated with both its length and diameter, as well as its material. Specifically, as the length of the cylinder increases, the rolling distance also increases; similarly, an increase in the diameter of the cylinder results in a corresponding rise in the rolling distance. Additionally, the impact of the cylinder’s material on the rolling distance was noted, but a detailed analysis was not conducted due to experimental limitations. This experiment not only confirms theoretical assumptions but also provides experimental evidence for understanding the motion characteristics of objects in sandy environments. The results have practical implications for designing vehicles for sandy environments and optimising emergency escape lanes. Future research can further explore the effects of cylinder material and sand particle properties on rolling distance, as well as analyse the forces acting on the cylinder during rolling. Read More Read Less

Abstract The Free-Piston Engine (FPE) offers a flexible alternative to conventional Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) by allowing variable compression ratio control and eliminating the crankshaft. The advantages of FPEs lie in their simple design with fewer moving parts, resulting in a compact engine with lower maintenance costs, reduced friction losses, and improved fuel efficiency. However, the main technical challenges to adopting this technology are engine... The Free-Piston Engine (FPE) offers a flexible alternative to conventional Internal Combustion Engines (ICE) by allowing variable compression ratio control and eliminating the crankshaft. The advantages of FPEs lie in their simple design with fewer moving parts, resulting in a compact engine with lower maintenance costs, reduced friction losses, and improved fuel efficiency. However, the main technical challenges to adopting this technology are engine startup and stable operation. This study proposes a dual two-stroke FPE model using gasoline fuel and spark ignition. An independent starting mechanism for the FPE was developed, which does not utilize an integrated linear motor as in previous studies. The simulation results show that with a starting speed of 0.7 m/s, a starting compression ratio of 3.3, fuel injection of 3 mg, and a combustion duration of 2 ms to 5 ms, the FPE can ignite with pressures ranging from 9 bar to 11 bar. The mechanical resonance starting method was experimentally validated, achieving the desired compression ratio of 3.3, a fixed electric motor pull force of approximately 400 N over 1.4 seconds, and a piston displacement speed of about 0.7 m/s. The pressure during the startup process was around 4 bar, and the ignition process produced a peak pressure of 13 bar. The FPE model then transitioned to continuous operation over several cycles with peak cylinder pressures reaching 12 bar. Read More Read Less